I. General Temperature Standards yeCold Chain Logistics
Cold chain Logistics inoreva nzira yekutakura zvinhu kubva kune imwe tembiricha kuenda kune imwe mukati meiyo inodzorwa tembiricha renji, kuve nechokwadi chemhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu.Cold cheni dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri ezvekudya, emishonga, uye zvekuzora, achiita basa rakakosha mumhando uye vimbiso yekuchengetedza.Tembiricha yakajairika yemacheni anotonhora iri pakati -18°C kusvika 8°C, asi mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu dzinoda tembiricha dzakasiyana.
1.1 Common Cold Chain Temperature Ranges
Tembiricha yemhando yeketani inotonhora inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu.Iwo akajairika cold chain tembiricha mazinga ndeaya anotevera:
1. Ultra-Low Temperature: Pazasi -60 ° C, senge liquid oxygen uye liquid nitrogen.
2. Deep Freezing: -60 ° C kusvika -30 ° C, zvakadai seaizikirimu uye nyama yakaoma.
3. Kutonhora: -30 ° C kusvika -18 ° C, zvakadai sehove dzegungwa dzakaoma nechando uye nyama itsva.
4. Deep Freeze: -18°C kusvika -12°C, senge surimi nehove nyama.
5. Refrigeration: -12 ° C kusvika 8 ° C, zvakadai semukaka wemukaka uye nyama.
6. Room Temperature: 8 ° C kusvika 25 ° C, zvakadai semiriwo nemichero.
1.2 Kupisa Kwemhando dzakasiyana dzeZvinhu
Mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu dzinoda tembiricha dzakasiyana.Heano maitiro etembiricha anodiwa pazvinhu zvakajairika:
1. Zvokudya Zvitsva: Kazhinji zvinoda kuchengetwa pakati pe0°C ne4°C kuchengetedza kutsva uye kuravira, uku zvichidzivirira kutonhora zvakanyanya kana kuparara.
2. Zvokudya Zvakaoma Muchando: Zvinoda kuchengetwa uye kutakurwa pasi -18 ° C kuti zvive nechokwadi chehutano nekuchengeteka.
3. Pharmaceuticals: Inoda kuchengetedza zvakanyanya uye mamiriro ekufambisa, kazhinji anochengetwa pakati pe2°C ne8°C.
4. Zvizoro: Zvinoda kuchengetwa mukati metembiricha yakakodzera panguva yekufambisa kudzivirira unyoro kana kuparara, kazhinji kuchengetwa pakati pe2°C ne25°C, zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa.
II.Special Temperature Standards kune Pharmaceutical and Food Industries
2.1 Pharmaceutical Cold Chain Transport
Mukutakura mishonga inotonhora yekutakura, kunze kweiyo yakajairika -25 ° C kusvika -15 ° C, 2 ° C kusvika 8 ° C, 2 ° C kusvika 25 ° C, uye 15 ° C kusvika 25 ° C tembiricha zvinodiwa, pane zvimwe zvakanangana. tembiricha nzvimbo, akadai:
- ≤-20°C
-25°C kusvika -20°C
-20°C kusvika -10°C
0°C kusvika 4°C
- 0 ° C kusvika 5 ° C
-10 ° C kusvika 20 ° C
-20 kusvika 25 ° C
2.2 Chikafu Cold Chain Transport
Mukutakura kutonhora kwechikafu chekutakura, kunze kweiyo yakajairika ≤-10 ° C, ≤0 ° C, 0 ° C kusvika 8 ° C, uye 0 ° C kusvika 25 ° C tembiricha zvinodiwa, kune mamwe chaiwo tembiricha nzvimbo, senge:
- ≤-18°C
-10 ° C kusvika 25 ° C
Iyi tembiricha mwero inovimbisa kuti zvese mishonga uye zvigadzirwa zvekudya zvinotakurwa uye kuchengetwa pasi pemamiriro anochengetedza kunaka uye kuchengeteka.
III.Kukosha Kwekudzora Tembiricha
3.1 Kudzora Tembiricha Yekudya
3.1.1 Kunaka Kwekudya uye Kuchengeteka
1. Kudzora tembiricha kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kunaka kwekudya uye kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwevatengi.Kuchinja kwetembiricha kunogona kutungamira kukura kwehutachiona, kukurumidza kuita kwemakemikari, uye shanduko yemuviri, zvichikanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kuravira.
2. Kushandisa kutonga kwekushisa kwekutonga panguva yekutengesa chikafu kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekusvibiswa kwekudya.Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera uye mamiriro ekufambisa anobatsira kudzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya uye zvimwe zvipenyu zvinokuvadza, kuve nechokwadi chekudya kwakagadzikana.(Zvokudya zviri mufiriji zvinofanira kuchengetwa zviri pasi pe5°C, uye zvokudya zvakabikwa zvinofanira kuchengetwa zviri pamusoro pe60°C zvisati zvadyiwa. Kana tembiricha ikachengetwa iri pasi pe5°C kana kuti pamusoro pe60°C, kukura nokuberekana kwetwupukanana kunoderera kana kumira; kudzivirira kuparara kwechikafu zvakanaka kwe5°C kusvika 60°C inzvimbo ine ngozi yekuchengetera chikafu chakabikwa chakachengetwa patembiricha yemumba, kunyanya mukupisa kwezhizha, hazvifanirwe kusiiwa kunze kwemaawa maviri yakachengetwa mufiriji, haifaniri kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba Isati yashandiswa, kupisa zvakare kunodiwa kuti uone kuti kupisa kwepakati pekudya kunosvika pamusoro pe70 ° C, nenguva yakakwana yekupisa zvichienderana nehukuru, kupisa kwekushisa, uye kutanga kwekushisa. chikafu kuti uwane kunyatso sterilization.)
3.1.2 Kuderedza Kuraswa uye Kudzikisa Mari
1. Kushanda kwekutonga kwekushisa kwekushisa kunogona kuderedza kurasikirwa nemarara anokonzerwa nekudya uye kukanganisa.Nekutarisa nekugadzirisa tembiricha, hupenyu hwesherufu hwechikafu hunogona kuwedzerwa, kuderedza kudzoka uye kurasikirwa, nekuvandudza kushanda kweketani.
2. Kushandisa tembiricha kutonga kutonga kunogona kuderedza mari yekushandisa.Nekugadzirisa mashandisirwo esimba panguva yekuchengetera uye yekufambisa uye nekudzikisa zvingangoitika senge firiji inodonha, zvibodzwa zvekugadzirisa zvinogoneka zvinogona kuwanikwa.
3.1.3 Regulatory Zvinodiwa uye Kutevedza
1. Nyika zhinji nematunhu ane mitemo yakasimba yekudzora tembiricha yekuchengetera chikafu nekufambisa.Kusatevedzera mitemo iyi kunogona kukonzera kukakavara kwepamutemo, kurasikirwa kwehupfumi, uye kukanganisa mukurumbira wekambani.
2. Makambani anotengesa chikafu anofanirwa kutevedzera zviyero zvepasirese uye zvemumba, senge HACCP (Hazard Analysis uye Critical Control Points) uye GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices), kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza chikafu uye kunaka.
3.1.4 Kugutsikana kweMutengi uye Kuzivikanwa kweBrand
1. Vatengi vari kuwedzera kuda chikafu chitsva uye chisina njodzi.Yepamusoro-mhando yekudzora tembiricha manejimendi inogona kuve nechokwadi chemhando uye kuravira kwechikafu panguva yekugovera, kuwedzera kugutsikana kwevatengi.
2. Kupa zvinogara zvichigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro kunobatsira kuvaka nekuchengetedza chimiro chemhando yakanaka, kunowedzera kukwikwidza kwemusika, uye kunokwezva vatengi vakavimbika.
3.1.5 Market Competitive Advantage
1. Mumakwikwi makuru ezvitoro zvekutengesa zvekudya, inyanzvi yekudzora tembiricha yekutonga ndiyo inosiyanisa yakakosha.Makambani ane hunyanzvi hwekudzora tembiricha anogona kupa mamwe akavimbika masevhisi uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi.
2. Temperature control management zvakare inzira yakakosha yekuti vatengesi vezvekudya varatidze hunyanzvi hwavo hwetekinoroji uye kusimudzira kwakasimba, vachigadzira mukana wekukwikwidza mumusika.
3.1.6 Hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza neBudiriro inoenderera
1. Kuburikidza nekutonga kwakanyatsoita tembiricha, makambani anotengesa chikafu anogona kuderedza kushandiswa kusingakoshi kwesimba uye kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse, kuenderana nemaitiro ekusimudzira pasi rose.
2. Kushandisa mafiriji anoenderana nemhoteredzo uye matekinoroji ekudzora tembiricha zvinogona kuwedzera kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, zvichibatsira makambani kuita mabasa emagariro uye kuwedzera chimiro chavo.
3.2 Pharmaceutical Temperature Control
Pharmaceuticals zvigadzirwa zvakakosha, uye yavo yakakwana tembiricha renji inobata zvakananga kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu.Munguva yekugadzira, yekufambisa, uye kuchengetedza, tembiricha inokanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kwemishonga.Kusachengetedzwa kwakakwana uye kutakurwa, kunyanya kumishonga yefiriji, kunogona kukonzera kuderera kwekushanda, kuparara, kana kuwedzera chepfu.
Semuenzaniso, tembiricha yekuchengetera inokanganisa mhando yemishonga munzira dzinoverengeka.Tembiricha yakakwira inogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvinoshanduka, nepo tembiricha yakaderera inogona kukonzera kuti mimwe mishonga iparare, senge emulsion kutonhora uye kurasikirwa nekugona kwavo emulsifying mushure mekunyorova.Shanduko yetembiricha inogona kushandura midziyo yemishonga, inokanganisa oxidation, kuora, hydrolysis, uye kukura kwemaparasite uye tupukanana.
Kupisa kwekuchengetedza kunobata zvakanyanya kunaka kwemishonga.Tembiricha yepamusoro kana yakaderera inogona kukonzera shanduko yakakosha mumhando yemishonga.Semuyenzaniso, mishonga yemajekiseni nemishonga inonyungudika mumvura inogona kutsemuka kana ikachengetwa iri pasi pe0°C.Nyika dzemishonga dzakasiyana dzinoshanduka nekupisa, uye kuchengetedza tembiricha yakakwana kwakakosha pakusimbiswa kwemhando.
Kukanganisa kwekushisa kwekuchengetedza pasherufu yehupenyu hwemishonga inokosha.Hupenyu hwesherufu hunoreva nguva iyo mhando yemishonga inoramba yakagadzikana pasi pemamiriro ekuchengetedza chaiwo.Zvinoenderana nekufungidzira fomula, kusimudza tembiricha yekuchengetera ne10 ° C kunowedzera kukurumidza kwemakemikari kuita ne3-5 nguva, uye kana tembiricha yekuchengetera iri 10 ° C yakakwira kupfuura mamiriro akataurwa, hupenyu hwesherufu hunodzikira ne1/4 kusvika 1. /2.Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune mishonga isinganyatsogadzikana, inogona kurasikirwa nekushanda kana kuva muchetura, ichiisa pangozi kuchengetedzwa kwevashandisi.
IV.Real-Nguva Kudzora Kudzora uye Kugadziriswa muCold Chain Transport
Muchikafu nemishonga inotonhora cheni yekutakura, marori efiriji uye mabhokisi akaiswa insulated anowanzoshandiswa.Pamaodha makuru, marori anefiriji anowanzo kusarudzwa kuderedza mari yekufambisa.Kune maodha madiki, insulated bhokisi yekutakura inodiwa, ichipa kuchinjika kwemhepo, njanji, uye migwagwa yekufambisa.
-Marori Efiriji: Aya anoshandisa kutonhora kunoshanda, ane mafiriji mayuniti akaiswa kudzora tembiricha mukati merori.
- Insulated Mabhokisi: Aya anoshandisa passive kutonhora, ane mafiriji mukati memabhokisi kutora uye kuburitsa kupisa, kuchengetedza tembiricha kutonga.
Nekusarudza nzira yakakodzera yekufambisa uye kuchengetedza chaiyo-nguva yekudzora tembiricha, makambani anogona kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye mhando yezvigadzirwa zvavo panguva inotonhora cheni logistics.
V. Huizhou's Nyanzvi mune Iyi Munda
Huizhou inyanzvi mukutsvagisa, kusimudzira, kugadzira, uye kuyedzwa kwemabhokisi ekudzivirira uye mafiriji.Isu tinopa akasiyana-siyana ekudzivirira bhokisi zvinhu zvekusarudza kubva, zvinosanganisira:
- EPS (Yakawedzerwa Polystyrene) Insulation Mabhokisi
- EPP (Yakawedzerwa Polypropylene) Insulation Mabhokisi
- PU (Polyurethane) Insulation Mabhokisi
- VPU (Vacuum Panel Insulation) Mabhokisi
- Airgel Insulation Mabhokisi
- VIP (Vacuum Insulated Panel) Insulation Mabhokisi
- ESV (Enhanced Structural Vacuum) Insulation Mabhokisi
Isu tinoisa mumapoka mabhokisi edu ekudzivirira nekushandisa frequency: kamwe-kushandisa uye reusable insulation mabhokisi, kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi zvakasiyana.
Isu tinopawo huwandu hwakasiyana hweorganic uye inorganic refrigerants, kusanganisira:
- Dry Ice
- Mafiriji ane chikamu chekuchinja nzvimbo pa -62°C, -55°C, -40°C, -33°C, -25°C, -23°C, -20°C, -18°C, -15° C, -12°C, 0°C, +2°C, +3°C, +5°C, +10°C, +15°C, +18°C, uye +21°C
Kambani yedu yakashongedzerwa nekemikari marabhoritari yekutsvagisa uye kuyedzwa kwemafiriji akasiyana, ichishandisa michina yakaita seDSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), viscometers, uye mafiriza ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekupisa.
Huizhou yakagadzira mafekitori mumatunhu makuru munyika yose kuti isangane nezvinodiwa nenyika.Isu takashongedzerwa neanogara tembiricha uye humidity michina yekuyedza insulation performance yemabhokisi edu.Rabhoritari yedu yekuyedza yakapfuura iyo CNAS (China National Accreditation Service yeConformity Assessment) odhita.
VI.Huizhou Nyaya Dzidzo
Pharmaceutical Insulation Box Project:
Kambani yedu inogadzira reusable insulation mabhokisi uye mafiriji ekufambisa kwemishonga.Iyo insulation tembiricha nzvimbo dzemabhokisi aya dzinosanganisira:
- ≤-25°C
- ≤-20°C
-25°C kusvika -15°C
- 0 ° C kusvika 5 ° C
-2°C kusvika 8°C
-10 ° C kusvika 20 ° C
Kamwechete-Kushandisa Insulation Box Project:
Isu tinogadzira mabhokisi ekudzivirira-anoshandisa mabhokisi uye mafiriji ekufambisa kwemishonga.Iyo yekudzivirira tembiricha zone ndeye ≤0 ° C, inonyanya kushandiswa kumishonga yepasi rose
kutakura.
Ice Pack Project:
Kambani yedu inogadzira mafiriji ekufambisa zvinhu zvitsva, ine chikamu chekuchinja nzvimbo pa -20°C, -10°C, uye 0°C.
Aya mapurojekiti anoratidza kuzvipira kwaHuizhou pakupa emhando yepamusoro, mhinduro dzakavimbika dzekudziya-inodzorwa zvinhu mumaindasitiri akasiyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-13-2024